劍橋大學(xué)(英文名稱:University of Cambridge;勛銜:Cantab),坐落于英國(guó)劍橋,是一所世界著名的公立研究型大學(xué),采用書院聯(lián)邦制。其與牛津大學(xué)、倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院、帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院、倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院同屬“G5超級(jí)精英大學(xué)”。
劍橋大學(xué)的本科生一般是三到四年。如果三年拿到學(xué)士學(xué)位后就參加工作,一年以后也可以在工作崗位上再交論文,直接申請(qǐng)MA學(xué)位。哲學(xué)碩士(MPhil, Master of Philosophy,舊稱副博士)是劍橋和牛津的一個(gè)稍具特色的學(xué)位,在劍橋多為一年的課程加論文。
2018GregoryP. Winter(Trinity College alumnus and Master , 1951), MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology:Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng))for the phage display of peptides and antibodies.
2017RichardHenderson(Corpus Christi College and Darwin College, 1945), MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology:Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng))for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution.
2016OliverHart(King's College, 1966) - 2016 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)) in Memory of Alfred Nobel for his contributions to contract theory
2016DavidThouless(Trinity Hall, 1952), Duncan Haldane (Christ’s, 1970) and Michael Kosterlitz (Gonville and Caius, 1962) - Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)) for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter
2015AngusDeaton, FitzwilliamCollege, The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)) in Memory of Alfred Nobel for his analysis of consumption, poverty, and welfare
2013MichaelLevitt, Gonville and Caius/ Peterhouse Colleges, Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems
2012JohnGurdon, Churchill and Magdalene Colleges: Emeritus Professor in Cell Biology: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent
2010RobertG. Edwards, Churchill College: Emeritus Professor of Human Reproduction: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the development of in vitro fertilization
2009VenkiRamakrishnan, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome
2009ElizabethH. Blackburn, Darwin College, PhD 1975: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase [49]
2008RogerY. Tsien, Churchill / Caius Colleges: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP
2007MartinEvans, Christ's College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells
2007EricMaskin, Jesus College: Prize in Economic Sciences(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory
2005RichardR. Schrock: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis
2002SydneyBrenner, King's College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death
2002JohnSulston, Pembroke College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death
2001TimHunt, Clare College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle
2001JosephStiglitz, Caius College: Prize in Economics(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for analyses of markets with asymmetric information
2000PaulGreengard: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system
2000AlanMcDiarmid, Sidney Sussex College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the discovery and development of conductive polymers
1998JohnPople, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the development of computational methods in quantum chemistry
1998AmartyaSen, Trinity College: Prize in Economics(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for his contributions to welfare economics
1997JohnWalker, Sidney Sussex College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for studying how a spinning enzyme creates the molecule that powers cells in muscles
1996JamesMirrlees, Trinity College: Prize in Economics(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for studying behaviour in the absence of complete information
1989NormanRamsey, Clare College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for developing the separated field method
1986WoleSoyinka, Churchill College: Nobel Prize in Literature(諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng))
1984RichardStone, Caius College and fellow of King's College: Prize in Economics(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for developing a national income accounting system
1984GeorgesKohlerNobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for developing a technique for the production of monoclonal antibodies
1984CesarMilstein, Fellow of Darwin and Fitzwilliam Colleges: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for developing a technique for the production of monoclonal antibodies
1983WilliamFowler, Pembroke College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the evolution and devolution of stars
1983SubrahmanyanChandrasekhar, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the evolution and devolution of stars
1983GerardDebreu, Churchill College: Prize in Economics(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for reforming the theory of general equilibrium
1982AaronKlug, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the structure of biologically active substances
1980WalterGilbert, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the theory of nucleotide links in nucleic acids
1980FrederickSanger, St John's College and fellow of King's College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the theory of nucleotide links in nucleic acids
1979StevenWeinberg: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for electromagnetic and weak particle interactions
1979AllanCormack, St John's College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for developing CAT scans
1979AbdusSalam, St John's College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for electromagnetic and weak particle interactions
1978PyotrKapitsa, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for inventing the helium liquefier
1978PeterMitchell, Jesus College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the energy transfer processes in biological systems
1977PhilipAnderson, Churchill College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the behaviour of electrons in magnetic solids
1977NevillMott, Caius / St John's Colleges: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the behaviour of electrons in magnetic solids
1977JamesMeade, Christ's/Trinity Colleges: Prize in Economics(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for contributions to the theory of international trade
1974PatrickWhite, King's College: Nobel Prize in Literature(諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for an epic and psychological narrative art
1974MartinRyle, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the invention of aperture synthesis
1974AntonyHewish, Caius / Churchill Colleges: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the discovery of pulsars
1973BrianJosephson, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the tunnelling in superconductors and semiconductors
1972RodneyPorter, Pembroke College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the chemical structure of antibodies
1972KennethJArrow, Churchill College: Prize in Economics(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for theequilibrium theory
1972JohnHicks, Caius College: Prize in Economics(諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the equilibrium theory
1967RonaldNorrish, Emmanuel College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the study of fast Chemical reactions
1967GeorgePorter, Emmanuel College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the study of fast Chemical reactions
1964DorothyHodgkin, Newnham / Girton Colleges: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the structure of compounds used to fight anaemia
1963AndrewHuxley, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the transmission of impulses along a nerve fibre
1963AlanHodgkin, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the transmission of impulses along a nerve fibre
1962MaxPerutz, Peterhouse: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for determining the structure of haemoproteins
1962MauriceWilkins, St John's College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for determining the structure of DNA
1962JohnKendrew, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for determining the structure of haemoproteins
1962JamesWatson, Clare College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for determining the structure of DNA
1962FrancisCrick, Caius / Churchill Colleges: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for determining the structure of DNA
1959PhilipNoel-Baker, King's College: Nobel Prize in Peace(諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)), for work towards global disarmament
1958FrederickSanger, St John's College and fellow of King's College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the structure of the insulin molecule
1957AlexanderTodd, Christ's College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for work on nucleotides [49]
1954MaxBorn, CaiusCollege: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for fundamental research into quantum mechanics
1953HansKrebs: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discovering the citric acid cycle [49]
1952RichardSynge, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for developing partition chromatography
1952ArcherMartin, Peterhouse: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for developing partition chromatography
1951JohnCockcroft, St John's / Churchill Colleges: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for using accelerated particles to study atomic nuclei
1951ErnestWalton, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for using accelerated particles to study atomic nuclei
1950CecilPowell, Sidney Sussex College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for photography of nuclear processes
1950BertrandRussell, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Literature(諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for A History of Western Philosophy, 1946
1948PatrickBlackett, Magdalene / Kings Colleges: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for nuclear physics and cosmic radiation
1947EdwardAppleton, St John's College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discovering the Appleton Layer
1945HowardFlorey, Caius College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the discovery of penicillin
1945ErnstChain, Fitzwilliam College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the discovery of penicillin
1937GeorgeThomson, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for interference in crystals irradiated by electrons
1937AlbertSzent-Gyorgyi, Fitzwilliam College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for combustion in biology
1936HenryDale, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for the chemical transmission of nerve impulses
1935JamesChadwick, Caius College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discovering the neutron
1933PaulDirac, St John's College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for quantum mechanics
1932LordAdrian, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for work on the function of neurons
1932CharlesSherrington, Caius College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for work on the function of neurons
1929FrederickHopkins, Trinity / Emmanuel Colleges: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discovering growth stimulating vitamins
1928OwenRichardson, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for creating Richardson's Law
1927CharlesWilson, Sidney Sussex College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for inventing the cloud chamber
1927ArthurHollyCompton: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discovering wavelength change in diffused X-rays
1925AustenChamberlain, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Peace(諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)), for work on the Locarno Pact, 1925
1922NielsBohr, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for investigating atomic structure and radiation
1922FrancisAston, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for work on mass spectroscopy [
1922ArchibaldHill, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Medicine(諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for work on heat production in the muscles
1917CharlesBarkla, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discovering the characteristics of X-radiation
1915WilliamBragg, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for analysing crystal structure using X-rays
1915LawrenceBragg, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for analysing crystal structure using X-rays
1908ErnestRutherford, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Chemistry(諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for atomic structure and radioactivity
1906J. J. Thomson, Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for investigating the electrical conductivity of gases
1904LordRayleigh(John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh), Trinity College: Nobel Prize in Physics(諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)), for discovering Argon 。
小米本詞條是多義詞,共25個(gè)義項(xiàng)禾本科狗尾草屬植物小米(學(xué)名:Setaria italica var. germanica?(Mill.) Schred.)又稱為粟,北方稱谷子,谷子脫殼為小米,其粒小,直徑1mm左右。小米是世界上最古老的栽培農(nóng)作物之一,起源于中國(guó)黃河流域,是中國(guó)古代的主要糧食作物。粟生長(zhǎng)耐旱,品種繁多,俗稱“粟有五彩”,有白、紅、黃、黑、橙、紫等各種顏色的小米,也有黏性小米。中國(guó)
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